A career in an environmentally friendly future would, like most things, be quite different than today. Almost all jobs will be local, with people either working in the communities they live in, or telecommuting. Most work will be in service of some kind, like teaching or providing healthcare and transportation (through public transportation.) The rest of the work will be in producing food and other necessities. Day to day life will probably become much more sedentary, with people working within walking or cycling distance of home, or actually from home, by telecommuting.
Most people will wind up working in service industry, including education, food production, and maintenance. Education will probably not change much, except teachers will generally live in the towns that they teach in. Food production will change drastically, becoming less mechanized, and not using monoculture farms that now dominate food production. Animal power could conceivably replace mechanized power, and the care of these animals will provide other jobs for local workers. Maintenance will not change in terms of methods, generally, but what is maintained will change, as automobiles and high tech devices are replaced by less complicated appliances and modes of transportation.
Overall, careers will be based more around the local economy, and even those that telecommute will probably be involved in production of their own food, or something else, even if just at the level of having a small backyard garden.
In short, careers in the future will be more involved in the local economy, and international trade will decrease dramatically. This has happened in small ways already. As gas has gotten more expensive, people have started working closer to home, even taking new career directions, and this benefits the small towns that gain jobs while the larger cities, especially hub cities, become less attractive as work places. Communities could possibly become more closely knit, and more flexible to adjust to change, or become isolated, and shut themselves off to outsiders, to an extent. Beyond that, I don't want to hazard any guesses, but that is where I see jobs going in the future.
I see this occurring when vegans take over the world, wipe out the food farms we have in place, demand that vegetable oil or water be the only thing that cars run on (although there is a new test car that can run on pressurized air for approximately 65 miles) and everyone goes green. However, I also see this as a highly improbable event but delightful to peruse in one's own time. Going green is indeed a very influential and significant idea that's swept the U.S. and other countries but there are still way too many people in the South unwilling to give up steak from H-E-B.
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